一、當文內(nèi)引用采用姓名和年份的方式，則以時間順序在文內(nèi)列出多個文獻，再以字母順序在文后列出這些文獻。

當文內(nèi)引用采用文獻號，則以數(shù)字順序在文內(nèi)和文后列出文獻。

二、不同的期刊因其風格差異可能有不同的引用規(guī)則。

例如，目標期刊采用APA格式，"et al."只在文章有六個或六個以上作者時才在文內(nèi)使用。因此，一定要仔細查看目標期刊的作者須知和已發(fā)表的論文。

三、如果在文內(nèi)引用會議摘要、會議論文集、個人通信或未發(fā)表的數(shù)據(jù)，應當以括號注明出版狀態(tài)。

四、文獻可以各種方式置于文中，但是必須具體有意義。

大體來說，根據(jù)想強調(diào)的內(nèi)容，文獻可在引用的內(nèi)容或作者姓名之后出現(xiàn)。例如：

1）Starfishfertilization is species specific (17).

2）Peterson (17) reported that starfishfertilization is species specific.

五、不要將文獻放置在某項內(nèi)容的中間或某項研究的概括信息之后。

例如：In a current study (16), proteins expressed by the Epstein-Barr virus have beenclassified into three general groups according to their kinetics and synthesisrequirements.

應修改為：In a current study, proteins expressed bythe Epstein-Barr virus have been classified into three general groups accordingto their kinetics and synthesis requirements (16).

六、文獻并不一定要放置在句尾。為區(qū)分作者的研究和他人的研究，應將文獻放在相應的研究成果后面，而不是整個研究后面。

例如：The Mo+PyF101 M-MuLV used in this study was obtained from the supernatantof the 25-3 cell line confluently infected with the virus (3).

應修改為：TheMo+PyF101 M-MuLY(3) used in this study was obtained from the supernatantof the 25-3 cell line confluently infected with the virus.

七、此外，一個句子中不同內(nèi)容點的文獻需要放在適當?shù)奈恢茫皇菍⑺形墨I一同放在句尾。

例如：Two methods of tailoring the adhesion properties of thermoset stamps exist:One approach is plasma-deposited fluorinated film and coating with aself-assembled monolayer (SAM) of fluoroalkyltrichlorosilane; the otherapproach is using C4F8 as a feed gas to deposit Teflon-like antisticking layerand form the SAM layer from the gas phase (3, 4).

應修改為：Two methods oftailoring the adhesion properties ofthermoset stamps exist: One approach isplasma-deposited fluorinated film and coating with a self-assembled monolayer(SAM) of fluoroalkyltrichlorosilane(3); the other approach is using C4F8 as afeed gas to deposit Teflon-like antisticking layers and form the SAM layer fromthe gas phase (4).